Tile Calculator
By Taro Schenker | Updated February 11, 2026
Quick Answer: To calculate tiles, divide the total area (sq ft) by the area per tile including grout joint: (tile length + grout) x (tile width + grout) / 144. For 12" x 12" tiles with 1/8" grout, each tile covers about 1.02 sq ft, so you need roughly 1 tile per sq ft. Add pattern waste: 0% for grid, 2% for running bond, 5% for diagonal or herringbone. Plan 4.5 lbs of thinset per sq ft and 4 lbs of tile weight per sq ft. Default waste factor is 10%. A 200 sq ft room with 12" tiles needs about 216 tiles.
Calculate how many tiles you need for your floor, wall, or backsplash project. Enter your dimensions, choose a tile size and pattern, and get the exact tile count, thinset requirements, and estimated cost.
How to Calculate Tile
The formula for calculating the number of tiles needed is:
- Measure the length and width of your area in feet.
- Multiply length by width to get the total square footage.
- Calculate the area of one tile (including grout joint) in square inches, then divide by 144 to convert to square feet.
- Divide the total area by the area per tile to get the base tile count.
- Add your waste factor (10-15% depending on pattern and layout complexity).
- Round up to the nearest whole tile.
Tile Size Coverage
Quick reference for how many tiles you need at common sizes (assumes 1/8" grout joint):
| Tile Size | Tiles per sq ft | Tiles per 100 sq ft |
|---|---|---|
| 4" x 4" | 8.5 | 850 |
| 6" x 6" | 3.8 | 380 |
| 12" x 12" | 1.0 | 100 |
| 12" x 24" | 0.5 | 50 |
| 18" x 18" | 0.4 | 44 |
| 24" x 24" | 0.2 | 25 |
Tile Pattern Guide
- Standard Grid: Tiles are laid in straight rows and columns. The most efficient pattern with minimal waste (0% extra). Best for beginners and clean, modern looks.
- Diagonal (45-degree): Tiles are rotated 45 degrees to create a diamond pattern. Adds visual interest and makes small rooms look larger, but generates about 5% more waste from angled edge cuts.
- Running Bond (Brick): Each row is offset by half the tile length, similar to a brick wall. A classic look that hides imperfections in walls and floors. Adds about 2% extra waste.
- Herringbone: Tiles are laid in a zigzag V pattern at 45-degree angles. Creates a dramatic, high-end look but requires the most cuts and adds about 5% waste. Works best with rectangular tiles.
Formula Summary
Tile Count Formula: Calculate the number of tiles by dividing the total area by the effective area per tile (including grout joint), then applying waste and pattern bonus factors.
$$\text{Tiles} = \lceil A_{\text{sq ft}} \times \frac{144}{(L_t + G)(W_t + G)} \times (1 + W\% + P\%) \rceil$$
where $L_t$ = tile length (in), $W_t$ = tile width (in), $G$ = grout joint width (in), $W\%$ = waste factor, $P\%$ = pattern waste bonus.
Thinset Formula: $$\text{Thinset (lbs)} = A_{\text{adjusted}} \times 4.5$$
Weight Formula: $$\text{Weight (lbs)} = A_{\text{adjusted}} \times 4$$
| Pattern | Waste Bonus |
|---|---|
| Standard Grid | 0% |
| Running Bond | 2% |
| Diagonal (45-degree) | 5% |
| Herringbone | 5% |
Standard Assumptions: Waste factor of 10% accounts for cuts, breakage, and future repairs. Thinset coverage is 4.5 lbs per sq ft (1/4" x 1/4" square-notch trowel). Tile weight is estimated at 4 lbs per sq ft. A 50 lb bag of thinset covers approximately 60-75 sq ft.
Related Calculators
- Grout Calculator — calculate how much grout you need for your tile project
- Paver Calculator — estimate pavers for patios, walkways, and driveways
- Carpet Calculator — calculate carpet for rooms and hallways
Estimates are for planning purposes only. Consult a qualified contractor for critical projects. Actual material requirements may vary based on site conditions, waste, and installation methods.
Pricing last verified: February 2026. Material prices vary by region, season, and supplier. Prices shown are national averages for planning purposes.