HowMuchStuff

Rebar Calculator

By Taro Schenker | Updated February 11, 2026

Quick Answer: To calculate rebar for a slab, divide each dimension (ft) by the spacing (ft) and add 1 to get bars per direction. Total linear feet = (bars lengthwise x length) + (bars widthwise x width), plus splice overlaps. Weight = linear feet x weight per foot for your bar size. Common weights: #3 = 0.376, #4 = 0.668, #5 = 1.043, #6 = 1.502 lbs/ft. Add 10% for waste. For a 20 x 20 ft slab at 12-inch spacing, you need 42 bars (21 each way), about 840 linear feet of #4 rebar.

Calculate how much rebar you need for concrete slabs, walls, footings, and columns. Enter your dimensions, bar size, and spacing to get the total number of bars, linear footage, weight, and estimated cost.

How to Calculate Rebar

The formula for calculating rebar in a concrete slab (grid pattern):

Bars per direction = (Dimension ÷ Spacing) + 1
Total Linear Ft = (Bars lengthwise × Length) + (Bars widthwise × Width)
  1. Measure the length and width (or height) of your concrete structure in feet.
  2. Choose your rebar size based on the structural requirements (#4 is most common for residential work).
  3. Divide each dimension by the spacing to find how many bars run in each direction, then add one.
  4. Multiply the bar count by the run length to get total linear feet per direction.
  5. Add splice overlap lengths where bars need to join.
  6. Add 10% for waste from cuts, bends, and layout adjustments.

Rebar Size Reference

Common rebar sizes used in residential and commercial construction:

SizeDiameterWeight/ftTypical Use
#33/8"0.376 lbsWalkways, light slabs
#41/2"0.668 lbsDriveways, patios, residential slabs
#55/8"1.043 lbsFootings, retaining walls
#63/4"1.502 lbsStructural walls, commercial work
#77/8"2.044 lbsHeavy structural, columns
#81"2.670 lbsHeavy commercial, bridge decks

Rebar Spacing Guide

  • 6 inches: Heavy structural applications, load-bearing walls, and foundations in seismic zones.
  • 8 inches: Structural footings, basement walls, and retaining walls over 4 feet tall.
  • 12 inches: Standard residential slabs, driveways, garage floors, and patios. The most common spacing for general use.
  • 16 inches: Light-duty slabs, sidewalks, and non-structural flatwork where code allows wider spacing.
  • 18 inches: Minimum reinforcement for slabs on grade with low load requirements.

Formula Summary

Rebar Grid Formula (Slab): To calculate rebar for a slab, determine how many bars run in each direction based on the spacing, then compute total linear footage including splice overlaps.

$$N_{\text{lengthwise}} = \lfloor \frac{W}{S} \rfloor + 1 \quad,\quad N_{\text{widthwise}} = \lfloor \frac{L}{S} \rfloor + 1$$

$$LF_{\text{total}} = N_{\text{lengthwise}} \times L + N_{\text{widthwise}} \times W + \text{splices} \times O$$

Adjusted Linear Feet: $$LF_{\text{adj}} = LF_{\text{total}} \times (1 + W_f)$$ where $W_f$ is the waste factor (default 10%).

Weight Formula: $$W_{\text{lbs}} = LF_{\text{adj}} \times \rho$$ where $\rho$ is the weight per linear foot for the chosen bar size.

Rebar SizeDiameter (in)Weight (lbs/ft)
#33/80.376
#41/20.668
#55/81.043
#63/41.502
#77/82.044
#812.670

Standard Assumptions: Waste factor of 10% accounts for cuts, bends, and layout adjustments. Splice overlap = 40 x bar diameter. Standard bar lengths are 20 ft. Spacing is center-to-center in inches, converted to feet for calculation.

Related Calculators

Estimates are for planning purposes only. Consult a qualified contractor for critical projects. Actual material requirements may vary based on site conditions, waste, and installation methods.

Pricing last verified: February 2026. Material prices vary by region, season, and supplier. Prices shown are national averages for planning purposes.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I calculate how much rebar I need?
Measure your slab or wall dimensions, then divide each dimension by the rebar spacing to determine how many bars run in each direction. Add one bar per direction since you need bars on both edges. Multiply the number of bars by the length each bar must cover, then add overlap lengths for any splices. Finally, add 10% for waste from cuts and bends.
What size rebar should I use?
#4 (1/2 inch) rebar is the most common choice for residential slabs, patios, and driveways. #3 (3/8 inch) is used for light-duty applications like walkways. #5 (5/8 inch) and #6 (3/4 inch) are used for structural footings, retaining walls, and commercial work. Always follow your structural engineer's specifications.
What is the standard rebar spacing?
For residential concrete slabs, 12-inch center-to-center spacing is the most common. Driveways and garage floors often use 12-18 inch spacing. Structural footings and walls may require 6-8 inch spacing. Your local building code and engineer's plans will specify the exact spacing required for your project.
How much does rebar cost?
#4 rebar typically costs $0.50-1.00 per linear foot, or about $10-20 for a standard 20-foot bar. Prices vary by region, quantity, and current steel market conditions. Buying in bulk or full bundles (typically 50-100 bars) can reduce the per-foot cost by 15-25%.
How much overlap do rebar splices need?
The standard overlap (lap splice) for rebar is 40 times the bar diameter. For #4 rebar this is 24 inches, for #5 it is 30 inches, and for #6 it is 36 inches. Some engineers and codes require longer overlaps depending on the application. Always check your project specifications.
Do I need rebar in a concrete slab?
While thin slabs like sidewalks can sometimes be poured without rebar, most concrete slabs benefit from reinforcement. Rebar prevents cracks from spreading and adds structural strength. Driveways, garage floors, patios over 4 inches thick, and any slab that will bear significant loads should include rebar. Welded wire mesh is an alternative for light-duty slabs.